Entrez Gene ID Official Symbol Species Alias Names Background
null GPCR PAC1; PAC1R; PACAP receptor 1; PACAP type I receptor; PACAP-R1; PACAPR; PACAPRI; adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 (pituitary) receptor type I; pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 receptor type I Hiphop; pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor This gene encodes type I adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide receptor, which is a membrane-associated protein and shares significant homology with members of the glucagon/secretin receptor family. This receptor mediates diverse biological actions of adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 and is positively coupled to adenylate cyclase. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]
null GPCR RDC7; adenosine A1 receptor; adenosine receptor A1 The protein encoded by this gene is an adenosine receptor that belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. There are 3 types of adenosine receptors, each with a specific pattern of ligand binding and tissue distribution, and together they regulate a diverse set of physiologic functions. The type A1 receptors inhibit adenylyl cyclase, and play a role in the fertilization process. Animal studies also suggest a role for A1 receptors in kidney function and ethanol intoxication. Transcript variants with alternative splicing in the 5' UTR have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR ADORA2; RDC8; adenosine A2 receptor; adenosine A2a receptor; adenosine receptor A2a; adenosine receptor subtype A2a; hA2aR This gene encodes a protein which is one of several receptor subtypes for adenosine. The activity of the encoded protein, a G-protein coupled receptor family member, is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. The encoded protein is abundant in basal ganglia, vasculature and platelets and it is a major target of caffeine. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR ADORA2; adenosine A2b receptor; adenosine receptor A2b This gene encodes an adenosine receptor that is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. This integral membrane protein stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in the presence of adenosine. This protein also interacts with netrin-1, which is involved in axon elongation. The gene is located near the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR A3AR; AD026; adenosine A3 receptor; adenosine receptor A3; bA552M11.5 This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the family of adenosine receptors, which are G-protein-coupled receptors that are involved in a variety of intracellular signaling pathways and physiological functions. The receptor encoded by this gene mediates a sustained cardioprotective function during cardiac ischemia, it is involved in the inhibition of neutrophil degranulation in neutrophil-mediated tissue injury, it has been implicated in both neuroprotective and neurodegenerative effects, and it may also mediate both cell proliferation and cell death. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR ADRA1C; ADRA1L1; ALPHA1AAR; G protein coupled receptor; adrenergic, alpha-1A-, receptor; adrenergic, alpha-1A-, receptor variant 1; adrenergic, alpha-1A-, receptor variant 3; adrenergic, alpha-1A-, receptor variant 5; adrenergic, alpha-1A-, receptor variant 8; alpha-1A adrenergic receptor; alpha-1A adrenoceptor; alpha-1A adrenoreceptor; alpha-1C adrenergic receptor; a1A Alpha-1-adrenergic receptors (alpha-1-ARs) are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. They activate mitogenic responses and regulate growth and proliferation of many cells. There are 3 alpha-1-AR subtypes: alpha-1A, -1B and -1D, all of which signal through the Gq/11 family of G-proteins and different subtypes show different patterns of activation. This gene encodes alpha-1A-adrenergic receptor. Alternative splicing of this gene generates four transcript variants, which encode four different isoforms with distinct C-termini but having similar ligand binding properties. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR ADRA1; ALPHA1BAR; adrenergic, alpha-1B-, receptor; alpha-1B adrenergic receptor; alpha-1B adrenoceptor; alpha-1B adrenoreceptor; alpha-1B-adrenergic receptor; a1B Alpha-1-adrenergic receptors (alpha-1-ARs) are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. They activate mitogenic responses and regulate growth and proliferation of many cells. There are 3 alpha-1-AR subtypes: alpha-1A, -1B and -1D, all of which signal through the Gq/11 family of G-proteins and different subtypes show different patterns of activation. This gene encodes alpha-1B-adrenergic receptor, which induces neoplastic transformation when transfected into NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and other cell lines. Thus, this normal cellular gene is identified as a protooncogene. This gene comprises 2 exons and a single large intron of at least 20 kb that interrupts the coding region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR null null
null GPCR ADRA2; ADRA2R; ADRAR; ALPHA2AAR; ZNF32; adrenergic, alpha-2A-, receptor; alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C10; alpha-2-adrenergic receptor, platelet type; alpha-2A adrenergic receptor; alpha-2A adrenoceptor; alpha-2A adrenoreceptor; alpha-2AAR subtype C10; a2A Alpha-2-adrenergic receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. They include 3 highly homologous subtypes: alpha2A, alpha2B, and alpha2C. These receptors have a critical role in regulating neurotransmitter release from sympathetic nerves and from adrenergic neurons in the central nervous system. Studies in mouse revealed that both the alpha2A and alpha2C subtypes were required for normal presynaptic control of transmitter release from sympathetic nerves in the heart and from central noradrenergic neurons; the alpha2A subtype inhibited transmitter release at high stimulation frequencies, whereas the alpha2C subtype modulated neurotransmission at lower levels of nerve activity. This gene encodes alpha2A subtype and it contains no introns in either its coding or untranslated sequences. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR ADRA2B adrenergic, alpha-2B-, receptor; ADRA2L1; ADRA2RL1; ADRARL1; ALPHA2BAR; G-protein coupled receptor; adrenergic receptor alpha 2B; adrenergic, alpha-2B-, receptor; alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C2; alpha-2-adrenergic receptor-like 1; alpha-2B adrenergic receptor; alpha-2B adrenoceptor; alpha-2B adrenoreceptor; alpha-2B-adrenergic receptor; alpha-2BAR; a2B Alpha-2-adrenergic receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. They include 3 highly homologous subtypes: alpha2A, alpha2B, and alpha2C. These receptors have a critical role in regulating neurotransmitter release from sympathetic nerves and from adrenergic neurons in the central nervous system. This intronless gene encodes the alpha2B subtype, which was observed to associate with eIF-2B, a guanine nucleotide exchange protein that functions in regulation of translation. A polymorphic variant of the alpha2B subtype, which lacks 3 glutamic acids from a glutamic acid repeat element, was identified to have decreased G protein-coupled receptor kinase-mediated phosphorylation and desensitization; this polymorphic form is also associated with reduced basal metabolic rate in obese subjects and may therefore contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
null GPCR ADRA2L2; ADRA2RL2; ADRARL2; ALPHA2CAR; adrenergic, alpha-2C-, receptor; alpha-2 adrenergic receptor subtype C4; alpha-2C adrenergic receptor; alpha-2C adrenoceptor; alpha-2C adrenoreceptor; alpha-2C-adrenergic receptor; alpha-2CAR; alpha2-AR-C4; a2C Alpha-2-adrenergic receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. They include 3 highly homologous subtypes: alpha2A, alpha2B, and alpha2C. These receptors have a critical role in regulating neurotransmitter release from sympathetic nerves and from adrenergic neurons in the central nervous system. The mouse studies revealed that both the alpha2A and alpha2C subtypes were required for normal presynaptic control of transmitter release from sympathetic nerves in the heart and from central noradrenergic neurons. The alpha2A subtype inhibited transmitter release at high stimulation frequencies, whereas the alpha2C subtype modulated neurotransmission at lower levels of nerve activity. This gene encodes the alpha2C subtype, which contains no introns in either its coding or untranslated sequences. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR ADRB1R; B1AR; BETA1AR; RHR; adrenergic, beta-1-, receptor; beta-1 adrenergic receptor; beta-1 adrenoceptor; beta-1 adrenoreceptor The adrenergic receptors (subtypes alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2) are a prototypic family of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological effects of the hormone epinephrine and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Specific polymorphisms in this gene have been shown to affect the resting heart rate and can be involved in heart failure. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR ADRB2R; ADRBR; B2AR; BAR; BETA2AR; adrenergic, beta-2-, receptor, surface; beta-2 adrenergic receptor; beta-2 adrenoceptor; beta-2 adrenoreceptor; catecholamine receptor This gene encodes beta-2-adrenergic receptor which is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. This receptor is directly associated with one of its ultimate effectors, the class C L-type calcium channel Ca(V)1.2. This receptor-channel complex also contains a G protein, an adenylyl cyclase, cAMP-dependent kinase, and the counterbalancing phosphatase, PP2A. The assembly of the signaling complex provides a mechanism that ensures specific and rapid signaling by this G protein-coupled receptor. This gene is intronless. Different polymorphic forms, point mutations, and/or downregulation of this gene are associated with nocturnal asthma, obesity and type 2 diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR null null
null GPCR BETA3AR; adrenergic, beta-3-, receptor; beta-3 adrenergic receptor; beta-3 adrenoceptor; beta-3 adrenoreceptor; B3AR The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of beta adrenergic receptors, which mediate catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. This receptor is located mainly in the adipose tissue and is involved in the regulation of lipolysis and thermogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]
null GPCR AG2S; AGTR1A; AGTR1B; AT1; AT1AR; AT1B; AT1BR; AT1R; AT2R1; AT2R1A; AT2R1B; HAT1R; angiotensin II receptor, type 1; angiotensin II type-1 receptor; angiotensin receptor 1; angiotensin receptor 1B; type-1 angiotensin II receptor; type-1B angiotensin II receptor Angiotensin II is a potent vasopressor hormone and a primary regulator of aldosterone secretion. It is an important effector controlling blood pressure and volume in the cardiovascular system. It acts through at least two types of receptors. This gene encodes the type 1 receptor which is thought to mediate the major cardiovascular effects of angiotensin II. This gene may play a role in the generation of reperfusion arrhythmias following restoration of blood flow to ischemic or infarcted myocardium. It was previously thought that a related gene, denoted as AGTR1B, existed; however, it is now believed that there is only one type 1 receptor gene in humans. At least five transcript variants have been described for this gene. Additional variants have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined. The entire coding sequence is contained in the terminal exon and is present in all transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR AGTRL1; APJ; APJ (apelin) receptor; APJ receptor; APJR; G protein-coupled receptor APJ; G-protein coupled receptor APJ; G-protein coupled receptor HG11; HG11; HG11 orphan receptor; angiotensin II receptor-like 1; angiotensin receptor-like 1; apelin receptor This gene encodes a member of the G protein-coupled receptor gene family. The encoded protein is related to the angiotensin receptor, but is actually an apelin receptor that inhibits adenylate cyclase activity and plays a counter-regulatory role against the pressure action of angiotensin II by exerting hypertensive effect. It functions in the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, in glucose metabolism, in embryonic and tumor angiogenesis and as a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) coreceptor. Two transcript variants resulting from alternative splicing have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2009]
null GPCR AVPR V1a; AVPR1; SCCL vasopressin subtype 1a receptor; V1-vascular vasopressin receptor AVPR1A; V1a vasopressin receptor; V1aR; antidiuretic hormone receptor 1A; arginine vasopressin receptor 1A; vascular/hepatic-type arginine vasopressin receptor; vasopressin V1a receptor The protein encoded by this gene acts as receptor for arginine vasopressin. This receptor belongs to the subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors which includes AVPR1B, V2R and OXT receptors. Its activity is mediated by G proteins which stimulate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The receptor mediates cell contraction and proliferation, platelet aggregation, release of coagulation factor and glycogenolysis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR AVPR V1b; AVPR V3; AVPR3; V1bR; antidiuretic hormone receptor 1B; arginine vasopressin receptor 1B; arginine vasopressin receptor 3; pituitary vasopressin receptor 3; vasopressin V1b receptor; vasopressin V3 receptor The protein encoded by this gene acts as receptor for arginine vasopressin. This receptor belongs to the subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors which includes AVPR1A, V2R and OXT receptors. Its activity is mediated by G proteins which stimulate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The receptor is primarily located in the anterior pituitary, where it stimulates ACTH release. It is expressed at high levels in ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas as well as in bronchial carcinoids responsible for the ectopic ACTH syndrome. A spliced antisense transcript of this gene has been reported but its function is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
null GPCR ADHR; AVPR V2; DI1; DIR; DIR3; NDI; V2R; antidiuretic hormone receptor; arginine vasopressin receptor 2; renal-type arginine vasopressin receptor; vasopressin V2 receptor This gene encodes the vasopressin receptor, type 2, also known as the V2 receptor, which belongs to the seven-transmembrane-domain G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, and couples to Gs thus stimulating adenylate cyclase. The subfamily that includes the V2 receptor, the V1a and V1b vasopressin receptors, the oxytocin receptor, and isotocin and mesotocin receptors in non-mammals, is well conserved, though several members signal via other G proteins. All bind similar cyclic nonapeptide hormones. The V2 receptor is expressed in the kidney tubule, predominantly in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts, where its primary property is to respond to the pituitary hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) by stimulating mechanisms that concentrate the urine and maintain water homeostasis in the organism. When the function of this gene is lost, the disease Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI) results. The V2 receptor is also expressed outside the kidney although its tissue localiz