Barbital (BAR) antibody and antigen (hapten, BSA/OVA conjugated)

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Diagnostic anti-Barbital (BAR) antibodies (anti-Barbital, anti-BAR) and diagnostic hapten-carrier conjugates BSA-Barbital (BAR), OVA-Barbital (BAR), KLH-Barbital (BAR) antigens for Liver diseases BAR detection in ELISA test, competitive ELISA, Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), CLIA, TINIA and POCT.

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Product information

Size： 1mg | 10mg | 100mg

Product Description

BSA-Barbital (BAR)

OVA-Barbital (BAR)

Anti-human Barbital (BAR) mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb)

Anti-human Barbital (BAR) human monoclonal antibody (mAb)

Reference

Validation Data

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Target/Biomarker information

1. Barbital: Pharmacological Profile and Diagnostic Importance

Barbital, chemically known as diethylbarbituric acid, stands as a foundational compound in the class of barbiturates, drugs historically utilized for their sedative-hypnotic properties. Acting primarily through the potentiation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission, Barbital induces CNS depression, leading to sedation, hypnosis, and in higher doses, anesthesia. Despite its pioneering role in sleep induction and anesthesia, the clinical use of Barbital has significantly declined due to its narrow therapeutic index, potential for dependence, and the advent of benzodiazepines and other safer alternatives.

Within the in vitro diagnostics (IVD) sphere, the legacy of Barbital persists, particularly in toxicology and drug monitoring. The compound's metabolism, primarily hepatic, involves oxidative degradation and conjugation, rendering it a subject of interest in studies of liver function and enzymatic activity related to drug metabolism. The development of IVD assays for Barbital, including those employing anti-Barbital antibodies and competitive antigens (e.g., carrier-coupled antigen, immunogen, hapten-carrier conjugates, BSA-conjugated, OVA-conjugated), is critical for precise detection and quantification in biological specimens.

2. Rationale for Barbital Quantification in Clinical and Forensic Contexts

The quantification of Barbital serves several indispensable functions in both clinical settings and forensic investigations:

Clinical Toxicology: In instances of acute drug overdose, the rapid detection of Barbital is crucial for initiating appropriate treatment protocols. Accurate measurement can guide the administration of antidotes or supportive care measures, mitigating the adverse effects of barbiturate toxicity.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM): Although its medical use is now limited, understanding the plasma levels of Barbital in patients historically treated with this compound or in regions where it's still in use is vital for managing therapy. Monitoring helps in adjusting doses to avoid toxicity while ensuring the drug's efficacy.

Forensic Analysis: Barbital measurement is essential in forensic toxicology for investigating cases of suspected drug misuse, accidental poisoning, or deliberate overdose. The presence and concentration of Barbital in postmortem samples can provide insights into the cause of death or contribute to the understanding of the circumstances leading to an individual's demise.

Pharmacokinetic Studies: Barbital also serves as a probe in research focused on the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, offering a model for studying drug metabolism, enzyme induction, and inhibition mechanisms. Such studies are pivotal for drug development and understanding metabolic pathways in humans.

Legal and Medico-Legal Cases: The objective quantification of Barbital is also critical in legal contexts, where evidence of drug use may impact criminal cases, custody disputes, or workplace drug testing policies.

Methodologies for Barbital Detection

Advanced analytical techniques underpin the detection and quantification of Barbital in IVD, including:

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA): Offers high specificity and sensitivity, suitable for both qualitative and quantitative assessments.

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS): Provides definitive identification and precise quantification, ideal for complex biological matrices.

Lateral Flow Assays (LFAs) and Point-of-Care Testing (POCT): Facilitate rapid, onsite detection, crucial for emergency clinical decisions or field forensic applications.

The comprehensive approach to Barbital diagnostics underscores its multifaceted importance across healthcare, research, and legal domains, highlighting ongoing needs in drug monitoring, toxicological assessment, and forensic analysis. Through continued innovation in IVD methodologies, the legacy of Barbital in medicine and science persists, offering critical insights into drug effects, metabolism, and therapeutic management.

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