Anti-small molecules (Chemicals, Antibiotics, Mycotoxins,etc.) antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens
(Carrier-coupled antigen, immunogen, hapten-carrier conjugates, BSA-conjugated, OVA-conjugated), competitive ELISA validated

Competitive immunoassay-validated anti-Hapten(small molecules, chemicals) antibody against hapten (small molecules, chemicals) and hapten-carrier conjugated competitive antigens(Carrier-coupled antigen,immunogen,hapten-carrier conjugates, BSA-conjugated, OVA-conjugated).

The anti-Hapten antibodies against haptens had been validated with our hapten-carrier conjugates via competitive ELISA test.

GeneMedi offers paired anti-small molecules (Chemicals, Antibiotics, Mycotoxins, Hormones, Drugs of Abuse, etc.) antibodies (monoclonal antibody, mab) and small molecules competitive antigens (Carrier-coupled antigen, immunogen, hapten-carrier conjugates, BSA-conjugated, OVA-conjugated) for the rapid test and diagnostics kit of Growth Promoters, Toxic Heavy Metal, Myotoxins,Nutritions, Food Safety, Pesticides, Drugs of Abuse, Allergen, Antibiotics, Agricultural, Water Contamination and so on.

All our anti-chemicals antibodies and small molecules hapten-carrier conjugates antigens (BSA-conjugated, OVA-conjugated)are suitable for in competitive ELISA, Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) and other immunoassays in diagnostics and rapid test kit. The carrier-coupled antigens of small molecules can act as immunogens.

Trimethoprim is a synthetic derivative of trimethoxybenzyl-pyrimidine with antibacterial and antiprotozoal properties. Sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim is a fixed antibiotic combination that is widely used for mild-to-moderate bacterial infections and as prophylaxis against opportunistic infections. Recently, our R&D department demonstrated that our GMP-SMT-73-Ab-1 (Anti-Trimethoprim(TMP) mouse monoclonal antibody) has a large linear range and good sensitivity against the GMP-SMT-73-Ag-1 (BSA-Trimethoprim(TMP)). Below is the result of GeneMedi's Anti-Trimethoprim(TMP) mouse monoclonal antibody validation with BSA-Trimethoprim(TMP) in ELISA. We highly recommend the Ab&Ag to you.

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Figure 1. GeneMedi's GMP-SMT-73-Ab-1 (Anti-Trimethoprim(TMP) mouse monoclonal antibody) is validated to detect the GMP-SMT-73-Ag-1 (BSA-Trimethoprim(TMP)) in ELISA. EC50 = 234.5 ng/ml.

Genemedi supplies Small Molecule Diagnostic for a wide selection of choices (please see below).

Mycotoxins Pesticides Heavy metals Veterinary drug residues and additives

Allergen Enviromnental (Industrial chemicals)



Mycotoxins



Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi that can grow on various food crops, particularly grains, nuts, and seeds. Mycotoxins can cause a wide range of adverse effects on human and animal health, such as acute toxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and immunosuppression. The identification and targeting of specific mycotoxins have led to the development of several diagnostic and therapeutic applications. GeneMedi’s anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens products can revolutionize mycotoxin diagnostics and therapeutics. This class of biologics has shown exceptional specificity and efficacy in recognizing and neutralizing mycotoxins, thereby preventing their harmful effects on human health.

The classification of mycotoxins can be based on their chemical structure and source. Major categories of mycotoxins include aflatoxins, trichothecenes, ochratoxins, and zearalenone, among others. Each category comprises several important proteins with distinct functions and therapeutic applications. Aflatoxins, produced by Aspergillus species, can cause liver cancer in humans and animals. GeneMedi’s anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens product can be used for detecting and quantifying aflatoxins and developing therapeutic interventions, such as immunotherapy, for the prevention and treatment of aflatoxin poisoning. Trichothecenes, produced by Fusarium species, can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and oral lesions in humans and animals. GeneMedi’s product can be used for the detection and quantification of trichothecenes and developing therapeutic interventions, such as monoclonal antibodies, for the prevention and treatment of trichothecene poisoning. Ochratoxins, produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium species, can cause kidney damage and cancer in humans and animals. GeneMedi’s product can be used for the detection and quantification of ochratoxins and developing therapeutic interventions, such as competitive inhibitors, for the prevention and treatment of ochratoxin poisoning.

Overall, GeneMedi’s anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens products offer extensive potential in the field of mycotoxin diagnostics and therapeutics. The identification and targeting of specific mycotoxins offer opportunities for precision medicine and personalized therapies. GeneMedi’s product has the potential to revolutionize the way we diagnose and treat mycotoxin poisoning, thereby improving patient outcomes and quality of life. GeneMedi's product can detect the small molecules of MYCOTOXINS from different samples using ELISA, Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay, Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay (TINIA), immunonephelometry, and POCT, which greatly enhances the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of mycotoxin detection.

Pesticides



Heavy metals



Toxic heavy metals are chemical elements that can cause severe health problems when present in the environment or absorbed by the human body. The development of highly specific and effective diagnostic and therapeutic applications targeting specific toxic heavy metals is of great importance. GeneMedi's anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens products have shown significant potential in revolutionizing toxic heavy metal diagnostics and therapeutics. These biologics have demonstrated high specificity and effectiveness in recognizing and neutralizing toxic heavy metals, mitigating their harmful effects on human health. Toxic heavy metals can be classified into various categories, including lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic, among others. Each category comprises several important proteins with unique functions and therapeutic applications.

Lead is a heavy metal that can cause damage to the nervous system, kidneys, and reproductive system. GeneMedi's anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens product can be utilized in the development of diagnostic assays for the detection and quantification of lead. It can also be used in the development of therapeutic interventions, such as chelation therapy, for the prevention and treatment of lead poisoning. Mercury is a heavy metal that can damage the brain, lungs, and kidneys. GeneMedi's product can be used to develop diagnostic assays for detecting and quantifying mercury, as well as developing therapeutic interventions, such as antioxidants, for preventing and treating mercury toxicity. Cadmium is a heavy metal that can damage the kidneys and bones. GeneMedi's product offers potential in the development of diagnostic assays for detecting and quantifying cadmium, and in developing therapeutic interventions, such as metallothionein inducers, for the prevention and treatment of cadmium toxicity. Arsenic is a heavy metal that can cause skin lesions, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. GeneMedi's product can be used in developing diagnostic assays for the detection and quantification of arsenic, as well as in developing therapeutic interventions, such as competitive inhibitors, for the prevention and treatment of arsenic toxicity.

GeneMedi's anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens products offer significant potential in the field of toxic heavy metal diagnostics and therapeutics. The classification and identification of specific toxic heavy metals present opportunities for precision medicine and personalized therapies. GeneMedi's product has the potential to revolutionize the way we diagnose and treat heavy metal toxicity, leading to better patient outcomes and improved quality of life.

Detection of small molecules of toxic heavy metals from different samples can benefit from various diagnostic assays. These include ELISA, Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay, Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay (TINIA), immunonephelometry, and POCT. GeneMedi's product's high specificity can enable accurate detection and quantification of toxic heavy metal small molecules in these diagnostic assays, contributing significantly to effective and precise diagnosis and treatment of heavy metal toxicity.

Veterinary drug residues and additives



Cat No. Small molecules (Chemicals, Antibiotics, Mycotoxins, Hormones, Drugs of Abuse, etc.) Carrier-coupled antigen/immunogen
(hapten-carrier conjugates)
Anti-Hapten Antibody Bioactivity validation ELISA IC50
(ppb)
Order
GMP-SMT-1Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (sulfamethoxazole (SMX), 5-atom-rings)BSA-Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (sulfamethoxazole (SMX), 5-atom-rings);
OVA-Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (sulfamethoxazole (SMX), 5-atom-rings)
Anti-Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (sulfamethoxazole (SMX), 5-atom-rings) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (sulfamethoxazole (SMX), 5-atom-rings) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-2Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (6-atom-rings)BSA-Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (6-atom-rings);
OVA-Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (6-atom-rings)
Anti-Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (6-atom-rings) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Sulfonamides Residue (SAs) (6-atom-rings) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-3Sulfadiazine(SD)BSA-Sulfadiazine(SD);
OVA-Sulfadiazine(SD)
Anti-Sulfadiazine(SD) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Sulfadiazine(SD) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-4Sulfaquinoxaline (SQX)BSA-Sulfaquinoxaline (SQX);
OVA-Sulfaquinoxaline (SQX)
Anti-Sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-5Sulfamethazine(SM2)BSA-Sulfamethazine(SM2);
OVA-Sulfamethazine(SM2)
Anti-Sulfamethazine(SM2) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Sulfamethazine(SM2) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-6Sulfadimethoxine(SMD)BSA-Sulfadimethoxine(SMD);
OVA-Sulfadimethoxine(SMD)
Anti-Sulfadimethoxine(SMD) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Sulfadimethoxine(SMD) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2-3Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-7SulfachloropyrazineBSA-Sulfachloropyrazine;
OVA-Sulfachloropyrazine
Anti-Sulfachloropyrazine mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Sulfachloropyrazine human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.20Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-8Florfenicol(FF)BSA-Florfenicol(FF);
OVA-Florfenicol(FF)
Anti-Florfenicol(FF) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Florfenicol(FF) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);5.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-9Chloromycetin(CAP)BSA-Chloromycetin(CAP);
OVA-Chloromycetin(CAP)
Anti-Chloromycetin(CAP) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Chloromycetin(CAP) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.2-0.3Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-10Chloramphenicol (TAP )BSA-Chloramphenicol (TAP );
OVA-Chloramphenicol (TAP )
Anti-Chloramphenicol (TAP ) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Chloramphenicol (TAP ) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.2-0.3Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-11ChloramphenicolsBSA-Chloramphenicols;
OVA-Chloramphenicols
Anti-Chloramphenicols mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Chloramphenicols human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.2-0.4Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-12Kanamycin(KAN)BSA-Kanamycin(KAN);
OVA-Kanamycin(KAN)
Anti-Kanamycin(KAN) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Kanamycin(KAN) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-13Gentamicin(GM)BSA-Gentamicin(GM);
OVA-Gentamicin(GM)
Anti-Gentamicin(GM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Gentamicin(GM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.4-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-14Amikacin(AMK)BSA-Amikacin(AMK);
OVA-Amikacin(AMK)
Anti-Amikacin(AMK) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Amikacin(AMK) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.1-0.2Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-15Streptomycin(STR)BSA-Streptomycin(STR);
OVA-Streptomycin(STR)
Anti-Streptomycin(STR) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Streptomycin(STR) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.4-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-16Apramycin(APM)BSA-Apramycin(APM);
OVA-Apramycin(APM)
Anti-Apramycin(APM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Apramycin(APM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-17Spectinomycin(SPM)BSA-Spectinomycin(SPM);
OVA-Spectinomycin(SPM)
Anti-Spectinomycin(SPM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Spectinomycin(SPM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1.50Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-18TobramycinBSA-Tobramycin;
OVA-Tobramycin
Anti-Tobramycin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Tobramycin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);5.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-19Neomycin(NM)BSA-Neomycin(NM);
OVA-Neomycin(NM)
Anti-Neomycin(NM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Neomycin(NM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.50Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-21Lincomycin(LM)BSA-Lincomycin(LM);
OVA-Lincomycin(LM)
Anti-Lincomycin(LM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Lincomycin(LM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-22Pirlimycin(PIR)BSA-Pirlimycin(PIR);
OVA-Pirlimycin(PIR)
Anti-Pirlimycin(PIR) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Pirlimycin(PIR) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);4-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-23Erythromycin(EM)BSA-Erythromycin(EM);
OVA-Erythromycin(EM)
Anti-Erythromycin(EM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Erythromycin(EM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);5-10Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-24Avermectin(AVM)BSA-Avermectin(AVM);
OVA-Avermectin(AVM)
Anti-Avermectin(AVM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Avermectin(AVM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-25Doramectin(DOR)BSA-Doramectin(DOR);
OVA-Doramectin(DOR)
Anti-Doramectin(DOR) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Doramectin(DOR) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2-3Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-26Tylosin(TYL)BSA-Tylosin(TYL);
OVA-Tylosin(TYL)
Anti-Tylosin(TYL) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Tylosin(TYL) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.50Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-27Ivermectin (IVM)BSA-Ivermectin (IVM);
OVA-Ivermectin (IVM)
Anti-Ivermectin (IVM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Ivermectin (IVM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);3-4Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-28Tilmicosin(TIM)BSA-Tilmicosin(TIM);
OVA-Tilmicosin(TIM)
Anti-Tilmicosin(TIM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Tilmicosin(TIM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.60Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-29TiamulinBSA-Tiamulin;
OVA-Tiamulin
Anti-Tiamulin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Tiamulin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2-3Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-30Acetylisovaleryl tylosin tartrateBSA-Acetylisovaleryl tylosin tartrate;
OVA-Acetylisovaleryl tylosin tartrate
Anti-Acetylisovaleryl tylosin tartrate mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Acetylisovaleryl tylosin tartrate human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);10.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-31KitasamycinBSA-Kitasamycin;
OVA-Kitasamycin
Anti-Kitasamycin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Kitasamycin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);20.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-32AlbendazoleI(ABZ)BSA-AlbendazoleI(ABZ);
OVA-AlbendazoleI(ABZ)
Anti-AlbendazoleI(ABZ) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-AlbendazoleI(ABZ) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);9-10Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-35Natamycin(NTM)BSA-Natamycin(NTM);
OVA-Natamycin(NTM)
Anti-Natamycin(NTM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Natamycin(NTM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-36Salinomycin(SLM)BSA-Salinomycin(SLM);
OVA-Salinomycin(SLM)
Anti-Salinomycin(SLM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Salinomycin(SLM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);4-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-37Monensi(MON)BSA-Monensi(MON);
OVA-Monensi(MON)
Anti-Monensi(MON) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Monensi(MON) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.4-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-38Vancomycin(VM)BSA-Vancomycin(VM);
OVA-Vancomycin(VM)
Anti-Vancomycin(VM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Vancomycin(VM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.8-1Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-39Albendazole metabolite(ABZ)BSA-Albendazole metabolite(ABZ);
OVA-Albendazole metabolite(ABZ)
Anti-Albendazole metabolite(ABZ) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Albendazole metabolite(ABZ) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.50Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-40MaduramicinBSA-Maduramicin;
OVA-Maduramicin
Anti-Maduramicin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Maduramicin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.4-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-41DiclazurilBSA-Diclazuril;
OVA-Diclazuril
Anti-Diclazuril mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Diclazuril human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1-1.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-42Toltrazuril (Methyl Triazine)BSA-Toltrazuril (Methyl Triazine);
OVA-Toltrazuril (Methyl Triazine)
Anti-Toltrazuril (Methyl Triazine) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Toltrazuril (Methyl Triazine) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-43LevamisoleBSA-Levamisole;
OVA-Levamisole
Anti-Levamisole mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Levamisole human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-44MebendazoleBSA-Mebendazole;
OVA-Mebendazole
Anti-Mebendazole mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Mebendazole human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);5.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-45TriclabendazoleBSA-Triclabendazole;
OVA-Triclabendazole
Anti-Triclabendazole mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Triclabendazole human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);5.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-47AmproliumBSA-Amprolium;
OVA-Amprolium
Anti-Amprolium mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Amprolium human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);30.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-48tetracyclineBSA-tetracycline;
OVA-tetracycline
Anti-tetracycline mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-tetracycline human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-49Oxytetracycline(OTCs)BSA-Oxytetracycline(OTCs);
OVA-Oxytetracycline(OTCs)
Anti-Oxytetracycline(OTCs) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Oxytetracycline(OTCs) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-50ChlortetracyclineBSA-Chlortetracycline;
OVA-Chlortetracycline
Anti-Chlortetracycline mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Chlortetracycline human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-51DoxycyclineBSA-Doxycycline;
OVA-Doxycycline
Anti-Doxycycline mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Doxycycline human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-52TetracyclinesBSA-Tetracyclines;
OVA-Tetracyclines
Anti-Tetracyclines mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Tetracyclines human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-53NorfloxacinBSA-Norfloxacin;
OVA-Norfloxacin
Anti-Norfloxacin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Norfloxacin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-55Sarafloxacin(SAR)BSA-Sarafloxacin(SAR);
OVA-Sarafloxacin(SAR)
Anti-Sarafloxacin(SAR) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Sarafloxacin(SAR) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-56Ofloxacin(OFX)BSA-Ofloxacin(OFX);
OVA-Ofloxacin(OFX)
Anti-Ofloxacin(OFX) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Ofloxacin(OFX) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.5-1Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-59DanofloxacinBSA-Danofloxacin;
OVA-Danofloxacin
Anti-Danofloxacin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Danofloxacin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-60DifloxacinBSA-Difloxacin;
OVA-Difloxacin
Anti-Difloxacin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Difloxacin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-61QuinolonesBSA-Quinolones;
OVA-Quinolones
Anti-Quinolones mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Quinolones human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.50Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-62Ampicillin (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin,AMP)BSA-Ampicillin (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin,AMP);
OVA-Ampicillin (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin,AMP)
Anti-Ampicillin (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin,AMP) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Ampicillin (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin,AMP) human monoclonal antibody;
Recombinant beta-lactams sensor protein
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.1-0.2Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-63Penicillin GBSA-Penicillin G;
OVA-Penicillin G
Anti-Penicillin G mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Penicillin G human monoclonal antibody;
Recombinant beta-lactams sensor protein
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.1-0.2Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-64Ceftiofur(CEF)BSA-Ceftiofur(CEF);
OVA-Ceftiofur(CEF)
Anti-Ceftiofur(CEF) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Ceftiofur(CEF) human monoclonal antibody;
Recombinant beta-lactams sensor protein
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);4-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-65Cefquinome(CEQ)BSA-Cefquinome(CEQ);
OVA-Cefquinome(CEQ)
Anti-Cefquinome(CEQ) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Cefquinome(CEQ) human monoclonal antibody;
Recombinant beta-lactams sensor protein
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1-2Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-66Cephalosporin(CEP)BSA-Cephalosporin(CEP);
OVA-Cephalosporin(CEP)
Anti-Cephalosporin(CEP) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Cephalosporin(CEP) human monoclonal antibody;
Recombinant beta-lactams sensor protein
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1-2Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-67Cephalexin(CEX)BSA-Cephalexin(CEX);
OVA-Cephalexin(CEX)
Anti-Cephalexin(CEX) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Cephalexin(CEX) human monoclonal antibody;
Recombinant beta-lactams sensor protein
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.4-0.5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-68Hygromycin B(HMB)BSA-Hygromycin B(HMB);
OVA-Hygromycin B(HMB)
Anti-Hygromycin B(HMB) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Hygromycin B(HMB) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1-2Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-69Bacitracin(BCT)BSA-Bacitracin(BCT);
OVA-Bacitracin(BCT)
Anti-Bacitracin(BCT) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Bacitracin(BCT) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);4-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-70Polymyxin B(PMB)BSA-Polymyxin B(PMB);
OVA-Polymyxin B(PMB)
Anti-Polymyxin B(PMB) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Polymyxin B(PMB) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);10-20Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-72metoclopramideBSA-metoclopramide;
OVA-metoclopramide
Anti-metoclopramide mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-metoclopramide human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.25Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-73Trimethoprim(TMP)BSA-Trimethoprim(TMP);
OVA-Trimethoprim(TMP)
Anti-Trimethoprim(TMP) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Trimethoprim(TMP) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.20Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-74Polymyxin E(PME)BSA-Polymyxin E(PME);
OVA-Polymyxin E(PME)
Anti-Polymyxin E(PME) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Polymyxin E(PME) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.50Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-75CloxacillinBSA-Cloxacillin;
OVA-Cloxacillin
Anti-Cloxacillin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Cloxacillin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);15.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-76OxacillinBSA-Oxacillin;
OVA-Oxacillin
Anti-Oxacillin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Oxacillin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);20.00Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-77Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM)BSA-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM);
OVA-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM)
Anti-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Nitrofurazone metabolite (CPSEM) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.20Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-79Furazolidone metabolite (CPAOZ)BSA-Furazolidone metabolite (CPAOZ);
OVA-Furazolidone metabolite (CPAOZ)
Anti-Furazolidone metabolite (CPAOZ) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Furazolidone metabolite (CPAOZ) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.50Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-80Furaltadone metabolite (CPAMOZ)BSA-Furaltadone metabolite (CPAMOZ);
OVA-Furaltadone metabolite (CPAMOZ)
Anti-Furaltadone metabolite (CPAMOZ) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Furaltadone metabolite (CPAMOZ) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.30Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-85Benzoic Acid(BZA)BSA-Benzoic Acid(BZA);
OVA-Benzoic Acid(BZA)
Anti-Benzoic Acid(BZA) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Benzoic Acid(BZA) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1-2Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-101Nitenpyram(NIT)BSA-Nitenpyram(NIT);
OVA-Nitenpyram(NIT)
Anti-Nitenpyram(NIT) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Nitenpyram(NIT) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);2-3Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-111ArermectinBSA-Arermectin;
OVA-Arermectin
Anti-Arermectin mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Arermectin human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.2-0.3Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-132Ractopamine(RCT)BSA-Ractopamine(RCT);
OVA-Ractopamine(RCT)
Anti-Ractopamine(RCT) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Ractopamine(RCT) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.10Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-134Salbutamol(SAL)BSA-Salbutamol(SAL);
OVA-Salbutamol(SAL)
Anti-Salbutamol(SAL) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Salbutamol(SAL) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.2-0.25Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-137Clorprenaline(CLP)BSA-Clorprenaline(CLP);
OVA-Clorprenaline(CLP)
Anti-Clorprenaline(CLP) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Clorprenaline(CLP) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);4-5Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-138CIMATEROLBSA-CIMATEROL;
OVA-CIMATEROL
Anti-CIMATEROL mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-CIMATEROL human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.3-0.4Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-142Olaquindox(OLA)BSA-Olaquindox(OLA);
OVA-Olaquindox(OLA)
Anti-Olaquindox(OLA) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Olaquindox(OLA) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);0.8-1Picture loading failed.
GMP-SMT-143Olaquindox metabolite(MQCA)BSA-Olaquindox metabolite(MQCA);
OVA-Olaquindox metabolite(MQCA)
Anti-Olaquindox metabolite(MQCA) mouse monoclonal antibody;
Anti-Olaquindox metabolite(MQCA) human monoclonal antibody
Competitive immunoassay validation (Competitive ELISA) with hapten-carrier conjugates and anti-Hapten antibody;Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA);1-2Picture loading failed.



Allergen



Allergens are substances capable of inducing an immune response that results in allergic reactions in humans or animals. Sources of allergens are widespread and include pollen, dust mites, food, and medications, among others. The identification and targeting of specific allergenic molecules have led to the development of several diagnostic and therapeutic applications. GeneMedi's anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens offer the potential to revolutionize allergen diagnostics and therapeutics, as they have shown high specificity and efficacy in recognizing and neutralizing allergenic molecules and preventing allergic reactions.

Allergens can be broadly classified into three primary categories: respiratory, food, and contact. Each category comprises several important proteins with distinct functions and therapeutic applications. Respiratory allergies are commonly caused by allergenic molecules such as pollen, animal dander, and dust mites. The identification and targeting of specific respiratory allergens have led to the development of several drugs such as antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids. GeneMedi's anti-small molecules antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens product can also be utilized in the development of diagnostic assays for the detection and quantification of respiratory allergens.

Food allergies can cause mild skin reactions to life-threatening anaphylaxis and are commonly caused by allergenic molecules such as peanuts, milk, eggs, and shellfish. GeneMedi's product can be employed in the development of therapeutic interventions, such as immunotherapy, which involves exposing the patient to gradually increasing doses of the allergen to build immunity. For contact allergies, common allergenic molecules include poison ivy, latex, and certain metals, among others. GeneMedi's product can be utilized in the development of diagnostic assays for the detection of these allergenic molecules, as well as in the development of topical creams or gels for the treatment of contact dermatitis.

Overall, GeneMedi's anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens product offer significant potential in the field of allergen diagnostics and therapeutics. The classification and identification of specific allergenic molecules offer opportunities for precision medicine and personalized therapies. GeneMedi's product has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of allergies, thereby improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Genemedi has developed several methods for detecting allergenic molecules, including ELISA, lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay, chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay (TINIA), immunonephelometry, and POCT, making it possible to detect allergenic molecules from different samples.

Enviromnental (Industrial chemicals)



Chemicals are substances that possess a unique molecular composition and can be either naturally occurring or artificially synthesized. The identification and targeting of specific chemicals have led to the development of various diagnostic and therapeutic applications. GeneMedi's anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens products have a remarkable potential to revolutionize chemical diagnostics and therapeutics. This class of biologics has been shown to be highly specific and effective in recognizing and neutralizing chemicals and modulating their effects on human health. Chemicals can be classified into several categories, including organic and inorganic compounds, elements, and minerals, among others. Each category comprises several important proteins with unique functions and therapeutic implications. Organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon, such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. GeneMedi's anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens product can be used for developing diagnostic assays to detect and quantify organic compounds and therapeutic interventions, like enzyme inhibitors, to prevent and treat diseases caused by organic compounds. Inorganic compounds are compounds that do not contain carbon, such as metals and metal oxides. GeneMedi's product can be used for developing diagnostic assays to detect and quantify inorganic compounds and therapeutic interventions, such as chelation therapy, to prevent and treat diseases caused by inorganic compounds. Elements like lead and mercury are naturally occurring chemicals that can cause severe health problems when present in the environment or absorbed by the human body. GeneMedi's product can be used for developing diagnostic assays to detect and quantify elements and therapeutic interventions like metal chelators, to prevent and treat diseases caused by elements.

Overall, GeneMedi’s anti-small molecule antibodies and small molecules competitive antigens products offer significant potential in the field of chemical diagnostics and therapeutics. The classification and identification of specific chemicals offer opportunities for precision medicine and personalized therapies. GeneMedi's product can revolutionize the way we diagnose and treat diseases caused by chemicals, thereby improving patient outcomes and quality of life. GeneMedi has developed the antigen and antibody to detect various small molecules of CHEMICALS. The detection and quantification of small molecules of chemicals from different samples can benefit from several diagnostic assays like ELISA, Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay, Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay (TINIA), immunonephelometry, and POCT.

Introdution-Food safety and small molecule detection

Food can transmit disease from person to person by serving as a growth medium for food contaminations that can cause food poisoning. Food safety refers to non-toxic, harmless of food, in line with the nutritional requirements, and does not cause any acute, subacute or chronic hazards on human health. Currently, food safety is a growing concern all over the world especially in developing areas. Ensuring the safety of food has become a significant challenge due to globalization of the food supply and the demand for minimally processed food products. Some potential sources for chemical and biological contamination of foods include: the use of pesticides, fertilizers, and antibiotics around agricultural food products; accidental introduction of additives to industrially processed foods at unsafe levels, or intentional adulteration with low quality or unsafe ingredients for economic purposes; cross-contamination with allergens or other substances that can be dangerous to sensitive individuals (e.g., wheat gluten); microbial growth deriving from unsanitary agricultural or processing conditions; and spoilage during transport and storage of foods due to packaging defects or incorrect handling by consumers. To manage food safety risks, there is a continued need for rapid, sensitive, inexpensive, and reliable techniques to detect the presence of chemical contaminants and microbes in complex media.

Food Safety Solutions

Food testing and analyzing plays an important role in quality control of food production.

  1. Culture-based traditional techniques

Traditional culture methods use selective liquid or solid culture media to grow, isolate, and enumerate target microorganism and simultaneously prevent the growth of other microorganisms present in the food (Jasson et al., 2010). These methods for the identification of foodborne pathogens involve pre-enrichment growth, selective enrichment culture, and selective plating followed by biochemical identification and serological confirmation of results. These methods are relatively inexpensive, sensitive, and still regarded as gold standards, the main drawback of these methods is their long analysis time and labor intensiveness. The whole procedure takes typically between 7 and 10 days (Vunrcrzant and Pllustoesser, 1987; Biswas, 2005).

  2. Mircoscopic and optical characteristics based methods

Various methods based on microscopic and optical characteristics of the appropriately stained microbial cells have been developed for assuring microbial safety of foods and food products. These methods include Direct Epifluorescent Filter Technique (DEFT), Flow Cytometry, and Solid Phase Cytometry. DEFT is a rapid method for enumerating microbial foodborne pathogens and is used widely in the dairy industry for raw foods (Hermida et al., 2000), milk and milk products, beverages, foods, etc. Flow cytometry is applied for the enumeration of viable bacteria in a sample, and uses flourescent dyes for the analysis of viability, metabolic state, and antigenic markers of bacteria. Solid-phase cytometry (SPC) combines the principles of epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.

  3. Immunological methods

All immunological methods for the detection of foodborne pathogens are based on antigen–antibody reactions. The body produces specific antibodies in response to invading pathogen. These reactions are versatile and specific but the success of an immunoassay depends on the specificity of antibody. Various kits have been developed based on immunological methods for the detection of foodborne pathogens, and are available commercially and have been responsible for revolutionizing the field of food testing (Table 1).

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  4. Nucleic acid-based methods

Spurred by technological developments and commercial profit motives, nucleic acid-based assays have become widely available as powerful tools to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of foodborne pathogens. These methods are based on the detection of specific gene sequences (signature sequences) in the genotype of target organism. The sequences may be selected in such a way that they can detect a particular group, genus, species, or even the strain of microorganism. There are many DNA-based assay formats, but probes and nucleic acid amplification techniques are the most popular ones and have been developed commercially for detecting foodborne pathogens.

  5. Mass spectrometry

For years, mass spectrometry has been considered the most suitable analytical technique for the detection of multiple compounds in food, feed and water. Coupled to liquid chromatography (LC), high-performance LC and ultra-high performance LC (HPLC, UHPLC) or gas chromatographic (GC) separation with an ionization source such as electrospray (ESI), a large number of mass spectrometry-based methods were developed to comply with updated regulations. To effectively apply this approach, the structure of the compound must be characterized before its detection. Methods development can be time-consuming, and standards must be acquired to optimize compound-specific instrumental conditions, including transition selections, ion-source voltages, and collision energies. MRM methods are, therefore, unable to screen for unknown compounds

Small molecule detection-Hapten based competitive immunoassay

Small molecules such as pesticides, drugs, etc. are usually nonimmunogenic and hence do not elicit an immune response unless coupled with some macromolecules such as proteins. It is, therefore, required to modify these small substances (hapten) for coupling with macromolecules (carrier) so as to make a stable carrierhapten complex. Synthesis of hapten for linking with carrier proteins is the most important aspect of specific antibody generation against small molecules for immunoassay applications.




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