Immuno-Diagnostics Antibodies and Antigens for Alzheimer Disease (AD) Diagnosis
Full
List Download
Alzheimer's disease (AD), also known as senile dementia, has pathological features mainly characterized by beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and tau protein neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
AD is a common neurodegenerative disease that accounts for 60% to 80% of all dementia cases and can lead to impaired cognitive function. Epidemiological surveys show that there are approximately 15.07 million dementia patients in China over the age of 60, including approximately 9.83 million AD patients.
Figure 1. PET scans of tau and beta-amyloid for Alzheimer's disease.
What are the biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease ?
The 2023 Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC) released a draft proposal for AD diagnostics standards, which introduces blood-based biomarker testing for the first time. AD can be diagnosed through plasma biomarkers such as Aβ42, Aβ40, P-tau181, P-tau217, P-tau231, NFL, GFAP (as shown in the table above). These biomarkers have not yet been subjected to large-scale clinical studies, and relevant groups need to be Do further analysis. For the diagnosis of AD, it is necessary to rely on comprehensive methods such as clinical manifestations and imaging.
| Biomarker category | fluid | imaging |
|---|---|---|
| Core Biomarkers | ||
| A (Ab proteinopathy) | Ab42/40 | Amyloid PET |
| T (AD tau proteinopathy) | ptau 181, 217 | Tau PET |
| Non - specific biomarkers of tissue reaction involved in AD pathophysiology | ||
| N (injury, dysfunction, or degeneration of neuropil) | NfL | Anatomic MR, FDG PET |
| I (inflammation) Astrocytic activation | GFAP | |
| Biomarkers of non-AD co-pathology | ||
| V vascular brain injury | Anatomic infarction, WMH, abundant dilated perivascular spaces | |
| S α-synuclein | αSyn-SAA* | |
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the aberrant
accumulation of tau protein, which plays a vital role in maintaining neuronal structure.
Emerging research indicates that phosphorylated tau fragments, namely Phospho-tau181
(p-tau181)
,
Phospho-tau217 (p-tau217), Phospho-tau231 (p-tau231), p-tau202/205, p-tau212/214,
p-tau413, and p-tau422, exhibit early increases in the brain following amyloid-beta (Aβ)
buildup. These increases occur years before the detection of neurofibrillary tangles and decades
prior to the onset of symptoms. The quantification of these biomarkers demonstrates greater
sensitivity than Aβ levels alone, enabling more accurate differentiation between AD and other
forms of dementia. Notably, phosphorylated tau fragments can increase up to 10-fold in blood
levels as AD progresses, while the Aβ42/40 ratio only decreases by approximately 15
percent.
Monoclonal antibodies, such as AT8, AT100, AT180, and AT270, have been developed to target
specific forms of tau protein. For instance, AT8 specifically recognizes tau phosphorylated at
serine 202 and threonine 205 sites, aiding in the identification of abnormal tau protein
accumulation in AD. AT100 targets phosphorylated tau at threonine 212 and serine 214 sites,
facilitating the detection of early-stage neurofibrillary pathology in AD. AT180 binds to
phosphorylated tau at the threonine 231 site, contributing to our understanding of the
relationship between tau protein phosphorylation and neurodegeneration. Moreover, AT270 targets
phosphorylated tau at the threonine 181 site and has been shown to detect elevated tau protein
levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients. These monoclonal antibodies serve as
invaluable research tools for investigating the pathological mechanisms underlying
neurodegenerative diseases like AD.
The most recommended products of Alzheimer's Disease (AD)
Tau protein and beta-amyloid are the two most recommended biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated tau levels indicate neurodegeneration, while abnormal beta-amyloid accumulation forms plaques, disrupting cell function. Their measurement is crucial for early AD diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and assessing treatment efficacy, making them key in AD research and management.
Click to check the technical information for recommended Antibodies:
Tau Products
Beta-Amyloid Products
- Figure 1: Validation p-tau181/p-tau217/p-tau231 antibody
- Figure 2-3: Validation Aβ40/Aβ42 antibody
Figure 1. Validation of GeneMedi's Anti-human p-tau181/p-tau217/p-tau231 antibody
A. GeneMedi's
GMP-h-p-tau181-Ab01 (Anti-human p-tau181 antibody) is validated to detect the
GMP-h-p-tau181-Ag01 (p-tau181 antigen) in ELISA, EC50 = 25.26ng/ml.
B. GeneMedi's
GMP-h-p-tau217-Ab01 (Anti-human p-tau217 antibody) is validated to detect the
GMP-h-p-tau217-Ag01 (p-tau217 antigen) in ELISA, EC50 = 25.85ng/ml.
C.
GeneMedi's
GMP-h-p-tau231-Ab01 (Anti-human p-tau231 antibody) is validated to detect the
GMP-h-p-tau231-Ag01 (p-tau231 antigen) in ELISA. EC50 = 64.34ng/ml.
Figure 2. ELISA Validation of GeneMedi's Aβ40/Aβ42 antibody
Indirect ELISA analysis of clone [B], [A]
and [A] antibody specificity, [B] and [A] can Recognizes Aβ40, while [A] has no cross-reactivity
with
Aβ40 Picture indirect ELISA analysis of cloned [B], [A] and [A] antibody specificity. [B] and [A]
can
recognize Aβ42 , while [A] has no cross-reaction with Aβ42.
A: GMP-h-Aβ42-Ab01
B: GMP-h-Aβ42-Ab02
The high-performance Aβ40 and Aβ42 antibody raw materials developed by GeneMedi have the
advantages of good
specificity and high sensitivity, and are the preferred raw materials for the development of in
vitro
diagnostics reagents for Alzheimer's disease.
Figure 3. CLIA verification data of GeneMedi's Aβ40/Aβ42 antibody
Beta-amyloid(1-42) antibodies (GMP-h-Aβ42-Ab02 and GMP-h-Aβ42-Ab01) established a standard curve by chemiluminescence method, and the detection range of Aβ42 was 100-1700 pg/mL.
GeneMedi's products for Neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer Disease (AD)) testing
Classification: p-tau181 p-tau217 p-tau231 p-tau202 and 205 p-tau212 and 214 p-tau413 p-tau422 Tau NFL GFAP Aβ42 Aβ40 albumin Aβ38 HFABP MCP-1 neurogranin NSE sTREM2 VLP-1 YKL-40 α-synuclein AD7c-NTP Amantadine (AM) TCA
Phospho-tau181 (p-tau181)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-p-tau181 | Human | Phospho-tau181 (p-tau181) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-p-tau181-Ag01: Phospho-tau181 (p-tau181) antigen GMP-h-p-tau181-Ag02: Phospho-tau181 (p-tau181) antigen (full length) |
GMP-h-p-tau181-Ab01; GMP-h-p-tau181-Ab02: Anti-human p-tau181 mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
Phospho-tau217 (p-tau217)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-p-tau217 | Human | Phospho-tau217 (p-tau217) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-p-tau217-Ag01: Phospho-tau217 (p-tau217) antigen GMP-h-p-tau217-Ag02: Phospho-tau217 (p-tau217) antigen (full length) |
GMP-h-p-tau217-Ab01; GMP-h-p-tau217-Ab02: Anti-human p-tau217 mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
Phospho-tau231 (p-tau231)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-p-tau231 | Human | Phospho-tau231 (p-tau231) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-p-tau231-Ag01: Phospho-tau231 (p-tau231) antigen GMP-h-p-tau231-Ag02: Phospho-tau231 (p-tau231) antigen (full length) |
GMP-h-p-tau231-Ab01; GMP-h-p-tau231-Ab02: Anti-human p-tau231 mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
Phospho-tau202 and 205 (p-tau202 and 205)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-p-tau202/205 | Human | Phospho-tau202 and 205 (p-tau202 and 205) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-p-tau202/205-Ag01: Phospho-tau202 and 205 (p-tau202 and 205) antigen |
GMP-h-p-tau202/205-Ab01; GMP-h-p-tau202/205-Ab02: Anti-Human p-tau202 and 205 mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
Phospho-tau212 and 214 (p-tau212 and 214)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-p-tau212/214 | Human | Phospho-tau212 and 214 (p-tau212 and 214) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-p-tau212/214-Ag01: Phospho-tau212 and 214 (p-tau212 and 214) antigen |
GMP-h-p-tau212/214-Ab01; GMP-h-p-tau212/214-Ab02: Anti-Human p-tau212 and 214 mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
Phospho-tau413 (p-tau413)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-p-tau413 | Human | Phospho-tau413 (p-tau413) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-p-tau413-Ag01: Phospho-tau413 (p-tau413) antigen |
GMP-h-p-tau413-Ab01; GMP-h-p-tau413-Ab02: Anti-human p-tau413 mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
Phospho-tau422 (p-tau422)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-p-tau422 | Human | Phospho-tau422 (p-tau422) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-p-tau422-Ag01: Phospho-tau422 (p-tau422) antigen |
GMP-h-p-tau422-Ab01; GMP-h-p-tau422-Ab02: Anti-human p-tau422 mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
tau proteins (Tau)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-Tau | Human | tau proteins (Tau) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-Tau-Ag01: Recombinant human Tau Protein |
GMP-h-Tau-Ab01; GMP-h-Tau-Ab02; GMP-h-Tau-Ab03: Anti-human Tau mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
neurofilament light chain (NFL)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-NFL | Human | neurofilament light chain (NFL) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-NFL-Ag01: Recombinant human NFL Protein |
GMP-h-NFL-Ab01; GMP-h-NFL-Ab02: Anti-human NFL mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
Glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-GFAP | Human | Glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-GFAP-Ag01: Recombinant human GFAP Protein |
GMP-h-GFAP-Ab01; GMP-h-GFAP-Ab02: Anti-human GFAP mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
beta-amyloid 42 (Aβ42)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-Aβ42 | Human | beta-amyloid 42 (Aβ42) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-Aβ42-Ag01: Beta-amyloid 42 (Aβ42) antigen |
GMP-h-Aβ42-Ab01; GMP-h-Aβ42-Ab02: Anti-human Aβ42 mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
beta-amyloid 40 (Aβ40)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-Aβ40 | Human | beta-amyloid 40 (Aβ40) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-Aβ40-Ag01: Beta-amyloid 40 (Aβ40) antigen |
GMP-h-Aβ40-Ab01; GMP-h-Aβ40-Ab02: Anti-human Aβ40 mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
albumin protein (albumin)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-albumin | Human | albumin protein (albumin) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-albumin-Ag01: Recombinant Human albumin Protein |
GMP-h-albumin-Ab01; GMP-h-albumin-Ab02: Anti-Human albumin mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
beta-amyloid 38 (Aβ38)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-Aβ38 | Human | beta-amyloid 38 (Aβ38) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-Aβ38-Ag01: Beta-amyloid 38 (Aβ38) antigenn |
GMP-h-Aβ38-Ab01; GMP-h-Aβ38-Ab02: Anti-Human Aβ38 mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
Heart fatty acid-binding protein (HFABP)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-HFABP | Human | Heart fatty acid-binding protein (HFABP) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-HFABP-Ag01: Recombinant Human HFABP Protein |
GMP-h-HFABP-Ab01; GMP-h-HFABP-Ab02: Anti-Human HFABP mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-MCP-1 | Human | Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-MCP-1-Ag01: Recombinant Human MCP-1 Protein |
GMP-h-MCP-1-Ab01; GMP-h-MCP-1-Ab02: Anti-Human MCP-1 mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
neurogranin protein (neurogranin)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-neurogranin | Human | neurogranin protein (neurogranin) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-neurogranin-Ag01: Recombinant Human neurogranin Protein |
GMP-h-neurogranin-Ab01; GMP-h-neurogranin-Ab02: Anti-Human neurogranin mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
neuron-specific enolase (NSE)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-NSE | Human | neuron-specific enolase (NSE) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-NSE-Ag01: Recombinant Human NSE Protein |
GMP-h-NSE-Ab01; GMP-h-NSE-Ab02: Anti-Human NSE mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
soluble fragment of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-sTREM2 | Human | soluble fragment of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-sTREM2-Ag01: Recombinant Human sTREM2 Protein |
GMP-h-sTREM2-Ab01; GMP-h-sTREM2-Ab02: Anti-Human sTREM2 mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
Visinin-like protein 1 (VLP-1)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-VLP-1 | Human | Visinin-like protein 1 (VLP-1) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-VLP-1-Ag01: Recombinant Human VLP-1 Protein |
GMP-h-VLP-1-Ab01; GMP-h-VLP-1-Ab02: Anti-Human VLP-1 mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1/YKL-40)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-YKL-40 | Human | Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1/YKL-40) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-YKL-40-Ag01: Recombinant Human YKL-40 Protein |
GMP-h-YKL-40-Ab01; GMP-h-YKL-40-Ab02: Anti-Human YKL-40 mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
Alpha-synuclein (α-synuclein)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-α-synuclein | Human | Alpha-synuclein (α-synuclein) | Alzheimer Disease (AD), Parkinson's disease |
GMP-h-α-synuclein-Ag01: Recombinant Human α-synuclein Protein |
GMP-h-α-synuclein-Ab01; GMP-h-α-synuclein-Ab02: Anti-Human α-synuclein mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) |
Details |
AD-associated neuaronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-h-AD7c-NTP | Human | AD-associated neuaronal thread protein (AD7c-NTP) | Alzheimer Disease(AD) | GMP-h-AD7c-NTP-Ag01: Recombinant human AD7c-NTP Protein |
GMP-h-AD7c-NTP-Ab01; GMP-h-AD7c-NTP-Ab02: Anti-human AD7c-NTP mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
Amantadine(AM)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-SMT-169 | Human | Amantadine(AM) | Influenza A, Parkinson's disease | GMP-SMT-169-Ag01: BSA-Amantadine(AM) GMP-SMT-169-Ag02: OVA-Amantadine(AM) |
GMP-SMT-169-Ab01: Anti-Amantadine(AM) mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) GMP-SMT-169-Ab02: Anti-Amantadine(AM) human monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
| Cat No. | Species | Biomarker | Disease | Cat No.of Antigen | Cat No.of Antibodies | Products Information |
| GMP-SMT-243 | Human | Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) | Alzheimer Disease (AD) | GMP-SMT-243-Ag01: BSA-Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) GMP-SMT-243-Ag02: OVA-Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
GMP-SMT-243-Ab01: Anti-Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) mouse monoclonal antibody(mAb) GMP-SMT-243-Ab02: Anti-Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) human monoclonal antibody(mAb) |
Details |
Facebook
LinkedIn
Twitter
